Plumbing fittings are made from a variety of metals, the most common being copper or steel. Each metal has unique advantages, and homeowners are advised to have at least a basic knowledge of the pros and cons of each.
Steel
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Steel is often considered the most cost-effective among all the different types of pipes as it is one of the most durable metals in the market today, particularly for plumbing. In theory, steel fittings could last a lifetime and are relatively impervious to rust and corrosion. Extreme temperatures do not easily affect steel and the material can withstand large amounts of salt water washing. It is, therefore, an ideal choice for those living in environments surrounded by lots of water. However, steel is not an easy material to work with. It is hard and not malleable. If the steel pipe is to be used for plumbing, it has to be galvanized (which is an additional cost). Furthermore, galvanized steel could potentially introduce minute traces of lead into the water over time.
Copper
Copper is extremely resistant to fire. Since copper fittings do not burn, no toxic gases are released in an event of fire. This material is also highly resistant to bacteria and rot, making it the choice metal for pipes used for drinking purposes. Additionally, copper is a softer metal and is easier to work with. This makes installation and more specified fitting (for more unconventional interior designs, for example) easier. Nevertheless, this makes copper plumbing more expensive than steel. It must also be noted that while copper is resistant to fire, it does not perform so well against extreme cold.
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In practice, most homeowners are encouraged to use different sets of piping depending on what they will be used for.
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